Pew Research Center for the People & the Press
Survey Reports
America's Image Further Erodes, Europeans Want Weaker Ties
But Post-War Iraq Will Be Better Off, Most Say
Released: March 18, 2003
Questionnaire
Pew Global Attitudes Project
9 Country Study
FINAL TOPLINE
United States March 13 - 16, 2003 (N=1,032)
Britain March 14 - 16, 2003 (N=962)
France March 13 - 14, 2003 (N=485)
Germany March 14 - 15, 2003 (N=524)
Italy March 12 - 14, 2003 (N=500)
Spain March 12 - 17, 2003 (N=503)
Poland March 10 - 14, 2003 (N=500)
Russia March 12 - 14, 2003 (N=501)
Turkey March 10 - 17, 2003 (N=513)
Q.1 All in all, are you satisfied or dissatisfied with the way things are
going in this
country today?
Don't know/
Satisfied Dissatisfied Refused
Britain 30 63 7=100
July, 2002 32 64 4=100
France 31 67 2=100
July, 2002 32 67 1=100
Germany 18 79 3=100
July, 2002 31 66 2=99
Italy 20 74 7=101
July, 2002 24 70 6=100
Spain 41 47 12=100
Poland 7 89 4=100
July, 2002 9 87 3=99
Russia 35 58 7=100
July, 2002 20 71 9=100
Turkey 18 81 2=101
July, 2002 4 93 3=100
Q.2 Please tell me if you have a very favorable, somewhat favorable,
somewhat unfavorable
or very unfavorable opinion of the United States.
Very Somewhat Somewhat Very Don't
know/
Favorable Favorable Unfavorable Unfavorable
Refused
Britain 14 34 24 16 11=99
July, 2002 27 48 12 4
9=100
France 6 25 45 22
2=100
July, 2002 9 54 26 8 2=99
Germany 4 21 41 30
4=100
July, 2002 9 52 31 4
4=100
Italy 8 26 33 26
8=101
July, 2002 13 57 18 5
7=100
Spain 3 11 35 39
12=100
Poland 9 41 33 11
7=101
July, 2002 14 65 10 1
10=100
Russia 4 24 43 25
4=100
July, 2002 8 53 27 6
6=100
Turkey 3 9 17 67
5=101
July, 2002 6 24 13 42
15=100
Q.3 Overall, do you approve or disapprove of the international policies of
President
George W. Bush? (U.S. asked "Do you approve or disapprove of the way
George W. Bush
is handling the nation's foreign policy?")
Don't know/
Approve Disapprove Refused
United States 53 36 11=100
April, 2002 69 20 11=100
March, 2002 78 17 5=100
October, 20012 81 14 5=100
Early September, 2001 46 34 20=100
August, 2001 45 32 23=100
Britain 23 60 17=100
April, 2002 40 37 23=100
August, 2001 17 49 34=100
France 10 87 3=100
April, 2002 32 61 7=100
August, 2001 16 59 25=100
Germany 14 85 2=101
April, 2002 35 59 6=100
August, 2001 23 65 12=100
Italy 14 76 10=100
April, 2002 44 47 9=100
August, 2001 29 46 25=100
Spain 9 79 13=101
Poland 33 54 13=100
Russia 8 83 9=100
Turkey 5 85 10=100
Ask in U.S., Britain, Italy, Spain and Poland:
Q.4a Thinking about possible war with Iraq, would you favor or oppose
(Survey country)
joining the U.S. and other allies in military action in Iraq to end
Saddam Hussein's
rule? (U.S. asked "Would you favor or oppose taking military action in
Iraq to end
Saddam Hussein's rule?")
Don't know/
Favor Oppose Refused
United States 59 30 11=100
February, 2003 66 26 8=100
Britain 39 51 10=100
November, 2002 47 47 6=100
Italy 17 81 2=100
Spain 13 81 7=101
Poland 21 73 6=100
Ask in France, Germany, Russia and Turkey:
Q.4b Thinking about possible war with Iraq, would you favor or oppose the
U.S. and
other allies taking military action in Iraq to end Saddam Hussein's
rule?
Don't know/
Favor Oppose Refused
France 20 75 6=101
November, 2002 33 64 3=100
Germany 27 69 4=100
November, 2002 26 71 3=100
Russia 10 87 3=100
November, 2002 12 79 9=100
Turkey 12 86 2=100
Q.5 Ask in Turkey only:
In your opinion, which of the following better explains why the U.S.
might
use military force against Iraq? Is it more because the U.S. believes
that
SADDAM HUSSEIN IS A THREAT to stability in the Middle East and world
peace
or is it more because this is a part of the U.S.'s war against MUSLIM
COUNTRIES
that it sees as unfriendly?
US believes Part of war
Saddam is against
threat to Muslim Don't know/
stability countries Refused
Turkey 22 60 17=99
November, 2002 34 53 13=100
Q.6a Generally, do you think American foreign policy has a positive effect
on our country,
a negative effect, or does American foreign policy have no effect on
our country?
Don't know/
Positive Negative No Effect Refused
Britain 38 39 11 12=100
January, 2003 30 42 9 19=100
France 14 63 20 4=101
January, 2003 9 71 9 11=100
Germany 15 59 20 5=99
January, 2003 11 67 17 5=100
Italy 17 52 15 16=100
Spain 14 49 16 21=100
January, 2003 9 57 15 19=100
Poland 26 41 18 15=100
Russia 8 58 17 17=100
January, 2003 11 55 23 11=100
Turkey 14 68 9 10=101
[If Negative]
Q.6b Why is it that American policy is having a negative effect on our
country?
Is it mostly because of President George W. Bush or is it more a
general
problem with America?
Mostly America Both Don't know/
Bush in general [VOL.] Refused
Britain 56 31 11 2=100 (N=375)
France 76 15 7 1=99 (N=305)
Germany 68 30 1 *=99 (N=327)
Italy 52 36 7 5=100 (N=258)
Spain 53 33 10 5=101 (N=247)
Poland 44 40 10 6=100 (N=205)
Russia 29 48 17 6=100 (N=290)
Turkey 35 48 12 6=101 (N=348)
Q.7 If Iraq is disarmed and Saddam Hussein is removed from power by the
U.S.
and its allies, do you think the people of Iraq will be better off or
worse
off in the long run than they are now?
Better Worse Don't know/
Off Off Refused
United States 79 8 13=100
Britain 76 8 16=100
France 73 14 13=100
Germany 71 15 14=100
Italy 61 18 20=99
Spain 46 21 33=100
Poland 52 22 27=101
Russia 20 40 40=100
Turkey 33 52 15=100
Q.8 If Iraq is disarmed and Saddam Hussein is removed from power by the
U.S.
and its allies, do you think the Middle East region will be more stable
or less stable in the long run than it is now?
More Less Don't know/
Stable Stable Refused
United States 64 17 19=100
Britain 59 22 19=100
France 46 37 17=100
Germany 56 32 13=101
Italy 46 27 26=99
Spain 38 29 33=100
Poland 46 34 20=100
Russia 21 45 34=100
Turkey 30 56 15=101
Q.9 Do you think the partnership between the U.S. and Western Europe should
remain as close as it has been or do you think that Western Europe
should
take a more independent approach to security and diplomatic affairs
than
it has in the past?
Remain More Don't know/
As Close Independent Refused
U.S. February, 2003 62 29 9=100
Britain 40 48 12=100
April, 2002 48 47 5=100
France 30 67 4=101
April, 2002 33 60 7=100
Germany 46 52 3=101
April, 2002 44 51 5=100
Italy 30 63 7=100
April, 2002 36 59 5=100
Spain 24 60 16=100
Poland 40 49 11=100
Russia 17 72 11=100
Turkey 17 62 21=100
Q.10 Does the current controversy over what to do about Iraq show that the
United
Nations still plays an important role in dealing with international
conflicts
or does it show that the United Nations is not so important any more?
Still Not so No Difference Don't know/
Important Important [VOL.] Refused
United States 54 32 1 13=100
Britain 54 35 1 11=101
France 55 42 1 2=100
Germany 73 24 * 3=100
Italy 52 39 2 8=101
Spain 41 40 3 16=100
Poland 49 35 6 11=101
Russia 29 57 3 11=100
Turkey 23 47 12 19=101
Ask in Turkey only:
Q.11 Has the Turkish parliament made the right decision not to allow the
American
military to use Turkey as a staging ground for a possible war against
Iraq?
Right Wrong Don't know
Decision Decision Refused
Turkey 52 37 11=100
****************************************************************************
*******
PEW RESEARCH CENTER FOR THE PEOPLE & THE PRESS
MARCH 2003 NEWS INTEREST INDEX
FINAL U.S. TOPLINE
March 13-16, 2003
N=1,032
Q.3 Overall, do you approve or disapprove of the way George W. Bush is
handling
the nation's foreign policy?
Gallup Early
April October Sept Aug
2002 2001 2001 2001
53 Approve 69 81 46 45
36 Disapprove 20 14 34 32
11 Don't know/Refused 11 5 20 23
100 100 100 100 100
On the subject of Iraq
Q.4 How much have you yourself thought about whether the U.S. should use
military
force to remove Saddam Hussein from power in Iraq? [READ]
Early Mid- Late Early
Feb Jan Dec Oct Sept Aug Jan
2003 2003 2002 2002 2002 2002 1991
64 A Great deal 58 56 58 54 55 46 66
24 Some 27 29 29 32 27 35 24
7 Only a little OR 8 8 8 8 9 11 6
4 Not at all 6 6 4 5 6 6 2
1 Don't know/Refused 1 1 1 1 3 2 2
100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
Q.5/6 Would you favor or oppose taking military action in Iraq to end Saddam
Hussein's
rule? [IF FAVOR, ASK Should we attack Iraq only if our major allies
agree to join
us, or attack Iraq even if allies do not want to join us?]
Late Early Mid
Late --------Gallup----------
Feb Jan Dec Nov Oct Oct Sept Aug June
Nov Feb June Mar
2003 2003 2002 2002 2002 2002 2002 2002 2002
2001 2001 1993 1992
59 Favor 66 68 65 62 55 62 64 64 59
74 52 70 55
38 Even if allies won't join 38 26 -- -- 27 -- 33
30 -- -- -- -- --
16 Only if allies agree 22 37 -- -- 23 -- 25
30 -- -- -- -- --
5 Don't know/Refused 6 5 -- -- 5 -- 6
4 -- -- -- -- --
30 Oppose 26 25 25 26 34 28 23 21 34
20 42 27 40
11 Don't know/Ref. 8 7 10 12 11 10 13 15 7
6 6 3 5
100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
100 100 100 100
ASK ALL:
Q.7 Do you think George W. Bush has explained clearly what's at stake as to
why the
U.S. might use military force to end the rule of Saddam Hussein, or do
you think
he has not explained the reasons clearly enough?
Late Mid- Late
Feb Jan Dec Oct Sept Aug NY Times
2003 2003 2002 2002 2002 2002 Aug 1990
49 Explained clearly 53 42 48 48 52 37 50
47 Not clearly 40 53 45 45 37 52 41
4 Don't know/Refused 7 5 7 7 11 11 9
100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
Q.8 Should the U.S. first get a United Nations resolution to use force
before taking
military action against Iraq or don't you think the U.S. needs to do
this?
IF "SHOULD GET UN RESOLUTION" ASK:
Q.9 If the U.S. and most of its allies back using force against Iraq, but
the UN resolution
is vetoed by one or two countries who oppose it what should the U.S.
do? [READ AND ROTATE]
Feb
2003
54 Should first get a UN resolution 57
24 Not use force because the UN has not approved it 22
25 Use force if it feels it is the right thing to do 30
5 Don't know/Refused (VOL. DO NOT READ) 5
35 Does not need to do this 33
1 Should not use force in Iraq (VOL.) *
10 Don't know/Refused (VOL.) 10
100 100
ASK ALL:
Q.10 In your opinion, what do you think the UN weapons inspections have
shown so far...
[READ ALL THREE OPTIONS; ROTATE ITEMS 1 & 2]
Feb
2003
8 That Iraq will cooperate and can be peacefully disarmed 4
60 That Iraq will not cooperate and can not be peacefully disarmed 58
--OR--
28 That it is too early to tell 34
4 Don't know/Refused (VOL. DO NOT READ) 4
100 100
Q.11 From your point of view, does the U.S. now have enough international
support to
use military force against Iraq or do you think it still has to
convince more
of its allies to go along?
Feb
2003
37 Has enough international support 37
56 Still has to convince more 56
7 Don't know/Refused (VOL.) 7
100 100
Q.12 If Iraq is disarmed and Saddam Hussein is removed from power by the
U.S. and
its allies, do you think the people of Iraq will be better off or worse
off
in the long run than they are now?
79 Better off
8 Worse off
13 Don't know/Refused
100
Q.13 If Iraq is disarmed and Saddam Hussein is removed from power by the
U.S. and
its allies do you think the Middle East region will be more stable or
less
stable in the long run than it is now?
64 More stable
17 Less stable
19 Don't know/Refused
100
Q.14 Does the current controversy over what to do about Iraq show that the
United
Nations still plays an important role in dealing with international
conflicts
or does it show that the United Nations is not so important any more?
54 Still plays important role
32 Not so important
1 No difference [VOL.]
13 Don't know/Refused
100